Key result
High nuclear LOX expression in rectal cancer tumors correlated with increased distant metastasis, recurrence, and poor overall and disease-free survival.
Why the study?
Does high nuclear LOX expression predict poor survival and metastasis in rectal cancer patients?
Observational
Does high nuclear LOX expression predict poor survival and metastasis in rectal cancer patients?
Nuclear LOX expression is a promising prognostic biomarker for poor survival and increased metastasis in rectal cancer patients.
Supports nuclear LOX as a potential prognostic biomarker in rectal cancer; leaves open its role in guiding therapy.
// Na Liu 1, 2 , Thomas R. Cox 3 , Weiyingqi Cui 1 , Gunnar Adell 1 , Birgitta Holmlund 1 , Jie Ping 4 , Ingvar Jarlsfelt 5 , Janine T. Erler 3 and Xiao-Feng Sun 1 1 Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden 2 State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi’an, China 3 Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark 4 Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, 201203, Shanghai, China 5 Department of Pathology, Ryhov Hospital, SE-55111, Jönköping, Sweden Correspondence to: Xiao-Feng Sun, email: xiao-feng.sun@liu.se Keywords: lysyl oxidase, nuclear localisation, prognosis, rectal cancer patient Received: February 20, 2016 Accepted: May 12, 2016 Published: May 26, 2016 ABSTRACT Emerging evidence has implicated a pivotal role for lysyl oxidase (LOX) in cancer progression and metastasis. Whilst the majority of work has focused on the extracellular matrix cross-linking role of LOX, the exact function of intracellular LOX localisation remains unclear. In this study, we analysed the LOX expression patterns in the nuclei of rectal cancer patient samples and determined the clinical significance of this expression. Nuclear LOX expression was significantly increased in patient lymph node metastases compared to their primary tumours. High nuclear LOX expression in tumours was correlated with a high rate of distant metastasis and increased recurrence. Multivariable analysis showed that high nuclear LOX expression was also correlated with poor overall survival and disease free survival. Furthermore, we are the first to identify LOX enzyme isoforms (50 kDa and 32 kDa) within the nucleus of colon cancer cell lines by confocal microscopy and Western blot. Our results show a powerful link between nuclear LOX expression in tumours and patient survival, and offer a promising prognostic biomarker for rectal cancer patients.
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Liu et al. (2016) conducted an observational in rectal cancer. High nuclear LOX expression was evaluated on overall survival and disease free survival. High nuclear LOX expression in rectal cancer tumors correlated with increased distant metastasis, recurrence, and poor overall and disease-free survival.
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