Key result
Novel interfacial PIV demonstrates flow separation and reversal occur only in the external carotid artery.
A novel interfacial PIV technique provides increased spatial resolution and accuracy for measuring wall shear stress in an anatomically realistic carotid artery model.
Model findings refine carotid flow mapping; leaves open translation to human plaque risk or practice.
Fluid mechanic forces play a key role in the early development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, which predominantly occurs in areas of disturbed flow and low wall shear stress (WSS). In the present study, we perform particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements in an anatomically realistic transparent flow phantom of a human carotid artery. Steady blood flow conditions are simulated and a novel interfacial PIV technique (iPIV) is introduced to measure WSS with increased spatial resolution and accuracy compared to conventional methods. The branching of the carotid artery introduces significant secondary flow motion with flow separation and reversal only occurring in the external carotid artery. Wall shear stress is measured along the inner and outer vessel walls and is on average higher in the internal carotid and lower in the external carotid artery. Furthermore, results are compared to those in a geometrical idealised model and with previously published WSS data.
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Buchmann et al. (2009) studied Carotid artery haemodynamics. Interfacial PIV technique (iPIV) in an anatomically realistic model vs. Conventional methods and geometrical idealised model was evaluated on Wall shear stress (WSS) and flow separation. A novel interfacial PIV technique in an anatomically realistic carotid artery model demonstrated that flow separation and reversal occur only in the external carotid artery.
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