Key result
Higher indoxyl sulfate levels demonstrated a moderate negative correlation with functional ability (R=0.588, p<0.001) in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing regular hemodialysis.
Why the study?
Indoxyl sulfate predicts CKD and CVD prognosis and mortality, but its relationship with functional ability in CKD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis required investigation.
Is there a relationship between indoxyl sulfate levels and functional ability in ESRD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis?
Cross-Sectional (n=56)
No
Is there a relationship between indoxyl sulfate levels and functional ability in ESRD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis?
Effect estimate: R = -0.588
p-value: p=<0.001
Higher indoxyl sulfate levels are moderately correlated with lower functional ability in ESRD patients on hemodialysis.
Should not yet change hemodialysis management; leaves open whether indoxyl sulfate contributes to functional decline in ESRD.
Background: ESRD is a burdensome disease with high prevalence, mortality, and treatment costs. Indoxyl sulfate is one of the most studied solutes accumulating in plasma when the kidneys fail. Clinical studies have shown that indoxyl sulfate can predict the prognosis of CKD and CVD in CKD patients. Serum levels of IS are associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients. The general objective of this study was to determine the relationship between indoxyl sulfate levels and the functional ability of CKD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis using the Karnofsky scale measuring instrument at the Haji Adam Malik Central General Hospital Medan. Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Data collection involved recording indoxyl sulfate levels in kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis at Haji Adam Malik Hospital. Results: Of all 56 study samples, the mean age was 49.35 years, with a standard deviation of 12.3 years. Most patients were male, from the Batak ethnicity, with hypertension as the etiology. The mean indoxyl sulfate level was 47.32 µg/mL with a 29.19 µg/mL standard deviation. Most patients presented with functional ability calculated by Karnofsky score in category A. The analysis results with the Spearman test showed a moderate negative correlation between indoxyl sulfate levels and the functional ability of patients. Conclusion: Indoxyl sulfate levels can be an objective parameter to predict a patient's functional ability.
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Fadillah et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in End-Stage Renal Disease (n=56). Indoxyl sulfate levels was evaluated on Correlation between indoxyl sulfate levels and functional ability (Karnofsky score) (R = -0.588, p=<0.001). Higher indoxyl sulfate levels demonstrated a moderate negative correlation with functional ability (R=0.588, p<0.001) in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing regular hemodialysis.
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