Key result
Two BNT162b2 doses induce antibody levels that decline ~90% from peak at six months.
Why the study?
What are the kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response following two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in Japanese adults and patients with SLE?
Observational (n=133)
No
What are the kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response following two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in Japanese adults and patients with SLE?
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels decline rapidly within 6 months after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, highlighting the need for repeated vaccinations, especially in older men and immunosuppressed patients.
Rapid antibody decline after two BNT162b2 doses may support monitoring in older and immunosuppressed adults; leaves open optimal boosting intervals in Japanese and SLE cohorts.
Despite the promising effectiveness of the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination using an mRNA vaccine, the short efficacy duration and some poor responses to the vaccination remain major concerns. We aimed to clarify the monthly kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain antibody response after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in a Japanese population. A chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLIA) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure the antibody levels in 81 Japanese adults (age, <65 years). The antibody levels increased 10-fold at 2−3 weeks following the second dose of BNT162b2 and declined thereafter to approximately 50%, 20%, and 10% of the peak levels at 2, 3, and 6 months, respectively. To compare the antibody titers among different groups, older adults (age, >65 years; n = 38) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n = 14) were also investigated. A decline in the mean relative antibody titers was observed in older men compared with younger men and in patients with SLE compared with individuals aged <65 years. Although the antibody levels increased drastically following two BNT162b2 doses, they then declined rapidly. Furthermore, poor responders to the vaccination were observed. Repeated vaccinations are required to maintain high antibody levels.
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Sugiura et al. (2022) conducted an observational in COVID-19 vaccination response (n=133). BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was evaluated on Monthly kinetics of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain antibody response. Two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine induced a 10-fold increase in antibody levels at 2-3 weeks, which rapidly declined to approximately 10% of peak levels at 6 months.