Key result
High dietary salt intake linked to ~97% higher CVD risk in patients with prehypertension.
Why the study?
Does high dietary salt intake increase the risk of developing hypertension or cardiovascular disease in patients with prehypertension?
Cohort (n=243)
Does high dietary salt intake increase the risk of developing hypertension or cardiovascular disease in patients with prehypertension?
High dietary salt intake (≥6 g/d) significantly increases the risk of progression to hypertension and the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with prehypertension.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May warrant salt reduction counseling in prehypertension; leaves open causal confirmation and event prevention by RCTs.
High dietary salt intake is known to contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The authors investigated the association between dietary salt intake and development of hypertension or cardiovascular disease (CVD) in 243 patients with prehypertension. After a median follow-up of 4.53 years (range, 3.1-8.7), 123 (50.6%) patients developed hypertension and 71 (29.2%) experienced cardiovascular events, including fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarctions. Adjusted hazard ratios for patients with a high salt diet (≥6 g/d) were 1.57 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.31; P=.018) for hypertension and 1.97 (95% CI, 1.08-2.27; P=.011) for CVD. Multivariable-adjusted analyses of subgroups showed a significant association between salt intake and CVD, but no such association was found in patients younger than 60 years, women, or patients with normal weight or normal cholesterol level. These results provide further research of prevention of hypertension and CVD in prehypertension.
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Zhao et al. (2014) conducted a cohort in Prehypertension (n=243). High dietary salt intake (≥6 g/d) vs. Lower dietary salt intake (<6 g/d) was evaluated on Cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.08-2.27, p=.011). High dietary salt intake (≥6 g/d) in patients with prehypertension was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (HR 1.97; 95% CI 1.08-2.27; P=.011).
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