Psychological Distress and the Development of Hypertension Over 5 Years in Black South Africans
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Key result
High psychological nervousness is linked to ~100% greater risk of developing hypertension over 5 years.
- HR 2.00
- 95% CI 1.23-3.26
- P=0.019
- n=107
Why the study?
Does psychological distress predict the development of hypertension over 5 years in Black South Africans with optimal baseline blood pressure?
Population
107 Black South Africans with optimal blood pressure (≤120/80 mm Hg), aged 35-75 years
Design
Cohort
Follow-up
5 years
Authors
Discussion
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Implication
Does not support practice change; leaves open whether distress interventions reduce hypertension incidence in this population.
Study Design
Type
Cohort (n=107)
Multicenter
No
Structured PICO
Does psychological distress predict the development of hypertension over 5 years in Black South Africans with optimal baseline blood pressure?
P
Population
107 Black South Africans aged 35 to 75 years with optimal baseline blood pressure were followed for 5 years to assess the impact of psychological distress on the development of hypertension.
E
Exposure
Psychological distress (assessed by Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress [K6])
O
Outcome
Development of hypertension over 5 yearssurrogate
Main Result
Hazard Ratio: 2 (95% CI 1.23–3.26)
p-value: p=0.019
Psychological distress, particularly feeling nervous, independently predicts the development of hypertension over 5 years in Black South Africans, regardless of alcohol intake.
Limitations
- Small sample size
- Potential selection bias due to subsampling
- Poor internal reliability of the K6 scale in this specific population
- Cannot exclude residual confounding
Cite This Study
Schutte et al. (2014) conducted a cohort in Optimal blood pressure (n=107). Psychological distress (K6 scale and 'nervous' component) vs. Lower psychological distress was evaluated on Development of hypertension (HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.23-3.26, p=0.019). Scoring high on the 'nervous' component of psychological distress doubled the risk of developing hypertension over 5 years (HR 2.00), independent of alcohol intake.
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