Key result
Single double-dose FMD vaccine matches two-dose primary course in cattle but yields lower sheep titers.
Why the study?
Delivering a recommended two-dose primary FMD vaccination course is logistically challenging in nomadic pastoralist systems, and prolonged immunity from high-potency commercial vaccines had not been demonstrated under field conditions.
Does a single double-dose vaccination provide comparable neutralizing titers to a two-dose primary course in Mongolian sheep and cattle?
RCT (n=64)
Open-label
Randomly assigned to one of three groups
No
Does a single double-dose vaccination provide comparable neutralizing titers to a two-dose primary course in Mongolian sheep and cattle?
Effect estimate: Coefficient -0.33 (95% CI -0.59, -0.079)
p-value: p=0.010
A single double-dose FMD vaccination regimen may be a cost-effective alternative to a two-dose primary course in Mongolian cattle and sheep, despite lower titers in sheep at 6 months.
Supports single double-dose FMD vaccination in cattle but not sheep; leaves open prospective efficacy trials before veterinary adoption.
Vaccines are a critical tool for the control strategy for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Mongolia where sporadic outbreaks regularly occur. A two-dose primary vaccination course is recommended for most commercial vaccines though this can be logistically challenging to deliver among nomadic pastoralist systems which predominate in the country. Although there is evidence that very high potency vaccines can provide prolonged duration of immunity, this has not been demonstrated under field conditions using commercially available vaccines. This study compared neutralizing titres to a O/ME-SA/Panasia strain over a 6-month period following either a two-dose primary course or a single double-dose vaccination among Mongolian sheep and cattle using a 6.0 PD50 vaccine. Titers were not significantly different between groups except in sheep at six-months post vaccination when the single double-dose group had significantly lower titers. These results indicate the single double-dose regimen may be a cost-effective approach for vaccination campaigns supporting FMD control in Mongolia.
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Ulziibat et al. (2023) conducted an RCT in Foot-and-mouth disease (n=64). Single double-dose FMD vaccine vs. Two-dose primary course (1 ml in sheep, 2 ml in cattle, 14 days apart) was evaluated on Neutralizing antibody titres to O/ME-SA/PanAsia strain in sheep (Coefficient -0.33, 95% CI -0.59, -0.079, p=0.010). A single double-dose of FMD vaccine elicited similar neutralizing antibody titers to a two-dose primary course in cattle over 6 months, but resulted in significantly lower titers in sheep at 180 days post-vaccination.
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