Long-term results and complications of proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis in horses

Summary A retrospective study was made of 21 horses in which proximal interphalangeal arthrodesis had been performed. The right hindlimb was the most often affected (52%). Acute trauma was the most common reason for performing the surgery (62%). Follow-up data were obtained from the owners regarding return to serviceability. When available, follow-up radiographs and clinical examinations were reviewed. Of the 20 horses on which follow-up information was available, 16 were serviceable. Of the horses in which a hindlimb was arthrodesed, 86% were serviceable, whereas 67% of the horses affected in the forelimb were serviceable. An average of 1 year was required for return to serviceability. Follow-up radiography of forelimb cases revealed radiographic changes consistent with navicular disease, distal interphalangeal degenerative joint disease, and a bony exostosis off the dorsal surface of the third phalanx; however, these radiographic changes did not correlate well with the owner's assessment of serviceability. Follow-up clinical examination of forelimb cases revealed 2 horses in which the toe came off the ground during weight bearing.