Thingvallavatn receives inflow of cold and warm groundwater as well as surface drainage. The inflowing waters are divided into 7 groups according to region or compositional characteristics and the discharge of each group is estimated. The input of P, N and Si with the inflow is 0.8, 1.4 and 240 g m #752 yr #751 respectively. Owing to its density, the voluminous cold groundwater flow which enters the northern part of the lake tends, in mid summer, to follow the lake floor into the deep basin. Primary production appears to be N limited but there are variations between years in the utilization of Si
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Ólafsson et al. (1992) studied this question.