Key result
Soleal vein thrombosis affects ~98% of legs with DVT in fatal pulmonary embolism.
Observational (n=60)
The soleal vein is the primary site of deep vein thrombosis formation in patients with fatal pulmonary thromboembolism, highlighting its importance for VTE prophylaxis.
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Soleal vein focus in fatal PE warrants further study; hypothesis-generating and should not yet change prophylaxis practice.
In this report, we review the anatomical features of the crural veins and the importance of the soleal vein and its drainage veins for thrombi formation and propagation. The result of our investigation of 120 legs of 60 autopsy cases with fatal pulmonary thromboembolism showed that the soleal vein was the most frequent site of deep vein thrombosis, both for fresh and for organized thrombi. Furthermore, the detection rate of thrombi, both fresh and organized, showed that the most common site was in the soleal vein and then decreased progressively according to the drainage route of the soleal vein. Anatomical characteristics and physiological mechanisms play a major role in the occurrence and propagation of venous thrombi. Thus, an understanding of these features is essential for effective prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism.
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Kageyama et al. (2008) conducted an observational in Fatal pulmonary thromboembolism (n=60). Anatomical characteristics of crural veins was evaluated on Frequency of soleal vein thrombosis among legs with deep vein thrombosis. In 60 autopsy cases with fatal pulmonary thromboembolism, the soleal vein was the most frequent site of deep vein thrombosis, present in 115 of the 117 legs with detected thrombi.
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