Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Main Complications: From Experimental Findings to Clinical Practice

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex multifactorial disorder which involves a loss of self-tolerance islet transplant only provides partial exogenous insulin independence and induces several adverse effects, including autoimmune destruction.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been envisioned as a promising tool for T1DM treatment over the past few years, since they could differentiate into glucose-responsive insulin-producing cells.Their immunomodulatory and protreatment of diabetic patients.treating several T1DM-associated complications.Clinical trial results and the ongoing obstacles which must be addressed regarding the widespread use of such therapy are also discussed.