Key result
Simulations show non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior alters stenosed artery flow by increasing viscosity in low-shear regions.
Computational fluid dynamics modeling demonstrates that non-Newtonian shear-thinning properties of blood significantly alter velocity and pressure profiles in stenosed arteries.
Non-Newtonian models show considerable effects on flow patterns in stenosed vessels; leaves open whether they meaningfully improve clinical hemodynamic predictions.
This study investigated the significance of symmetry and non-symmetry stenosis effects of blood flow and quantifies some of the most relevant non Newtonian characteristics of blood flow in blood vessels.The models studied in this work are the Newtonian and Non-Newtonian (Oldroyd-B) models, as well as their generalized (shear-thinning) modifications.The governing system of equations is based on incompressible Navier-Stokes equations which are generalized to take into account viscoelasticity and shear-thinning properties of blood flow.Finite element method is used for the solution of the governing system of equations.Mathematical tests are performed on an idealized symmetric stenosis and a realistic stenosed carotid bifurcation reconstructed from medical images.Model sensitivity tests are achieved with respect to the characteristic flow rate to evaluate its impact on the observed non-Newtonian effects.The numerical simulation is performed for various flow rates 0.05 to 2 cm 3 /s at Reynold numbers, Re =10 2 and Weissenberg numbers, Wi= 0.6 with good convergence of the iterative scheme.Results from the blood flow simulations indicate that non-Newtonian behavior has considerable effects on instantaneous flow patterns.Different effects for these models are presented numerically.
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Uddin et al. (2017) studied Arterial stenosis. Non-Newtonian blood flow models (Oldroyd-B and generalized shear-thinning) vs. Newtonian blood flow model was evaluated on Instantaneous flow patterns (velocity and pressure distribution). Numerical simulations of blood flow through stenosed arteries demonstrate that non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior significantly alters flow patterns, increasing local viscosity in low-shear regions.
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