A Review on Antimicrobial Resistance of Bovine Salmonellosis and Its Public Health Importance: One Health Approach

Bovine Salmonellosis is the zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Salmonella Species.The feco-oral route is the most important mode of transmission of Salmonellosis in animals.It is an important worldwide public health challenge causing substantial morbidity and has a significant economic loss.Human salmonellosis is mainly foodborne which is transmitted through consumption of contaminated food of animal origin which includes meat, milk, poultry meat and eggs.Some studies conducted in Ethiopia on prevalence of Salmonella provided that there were different levels of prevalence of disease in different parts of the country.Epidemiological pattern, prevalence and incidences of disease differ greatly between geographical areas.This is affected by pathogens themselves, industrialization, urbanization and change of lifestyles, knowledge, belief and practices of food handlers and consumers, demographic changes, international travel and migration, international trade in food, animal feed and poverty and lack of safe food preparation facilities.Having animals and raw products, it is not possible to be free from zoonotic agents like Salmonella; however the occurrences can be minimized by applying high standard of hygiene in all steps of food production.Some topics highlighted in this paper are the epidemiology, mode of transmission, treatment and control, public health importance, conclusion and recommendations.