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September 23, 2008Journal of Vascular Research

Vasodilation Induced by Acetylcholine and by Glyceryl Trinitrate in Rat Aortic and Mesenteric Vasculature

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Key result

Acetylcholine triggers rat vasodilation via EDRF, an effect inhibited by hemoglobin and methylene blue.

Population

Endothelium-containing rings of rat aorta and perfused mesenteric arterial vasculature

Design

Preclinical

Authors

MKMohammad T. KhanDJDesingarao JothianandanKMKazuki MatsunagaSUNY Downstate Health Sciences University

Discussion

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Implication

Animal data implicate EDRF in rat acetylcholine vasodilation; leaves open translation to human endothelial therapies.

Key Points

  • To compare the vasodilator actions of acetylcholine and glyceryl trinitrate, and their inhibition by hemoglobin and methylene blue, across rat conduit and resistance vascular beds.
  • Tested acetylcholine (0.010–10 µM) and glyceryl trinitrate on phenylephrine-precontracted, endothelium-intact rat aortic rings.
  • Assessed vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and glyceryl trinitrate in isolated perfused rat mesenteric arterial vasculature.
  • Evaluated the inhibitory actions of hemoglobin (3 and 10 µM) and methylene blue (10 µM) against vasodilator responses in both vascular preparations.
  • Acetylcholine induced concentration-dependent, endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)-mediated relaxation in aortic rings that was markedly inhibited by hemoglobin and methylene blue.
  • In mesenteric resistance vasculature, acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was also inhibited by hemoglobin and methylene blue, though to a lesser extent than in aortic rings.
  • Glyceryl trinitrate caused endothelium-independent dilation in both tissues; hemoglobin and methylene blue antagonized aortic relaxation, whereas in mesenteric vasculature hemoglobin caused no inhibition and methylene blue potentiated vasodilation.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Endothelium-containing rings of rat aorta and perfused mesenteric arterial vasculature
I
Intervention
Acetylcholine (0.010-10 microM) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), with or without hemoglobin (3 and 10 microM) and methylene blue (10 microM)
O
Outcome
Vasodilation/relaxation of precontracted vesselssurrogate

The study demonstrates differential effects of hemoglobin and methylene blue on ACh- and GTN-induced vasodilation in large arteries versus resistance vessels in rats.

Cite This Study

Khan et al. (2008) studied this question. Acetylcholine and Glyceryl Trinitrate was evaluated on Vasodilation/relaxation of precontracted rat aorta and mesenteric vasculature. Acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in rat aortic and mesenteric vasculature is mediated by EDRF and inhibited by hemoglobin and methylene blue, whereas glyceryl trinitrate showed paradoxical responses.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa7dffec62b756a8018a0afhttps://doi.org/10.1159/000158927
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The relative importance of nitric oxide and nitric oxide‐independent mechanisms in acetylcholine‐evoked dilatation of the rat mesenteric bed1994 · 61 citations
  2. 2Endothelium-derived relaxing factor influences renal vascular resistance1990 · 61 citations
  3. 3Effects of Glyceryl Trinitrate on Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Relaxation and Cyclic GMP Levels in Rat Aorta and Human Coronary Artery1987 · 84 citations
  4. 4Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Small Arteries from Essential Hypertensive Patients: Mechanisms and Comparison with Normotensive Subjects and with Responses of Vessels from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats1995 · 95 citations
  5. 5In vitro simultaneous measurements of relaxation and nitric oxide concentration in rat superior mesenteric artery1999 · 120 citations