Key result
Diabetes linked to ~7-fold higher bleeding risk after urgent STEMI PCI.
Why the study?
Does diabetes mellitus increase the risk of bleeding and mortality in STEMI patients after urgent PCI?
Cohort (n=435)
Does diabetes mellitus increase the risk of bleeding and mortality in STEMI patients after urgent PCI?
Absolute Event Rate: 6.2% vs 0.9%
p-value: p=<0.05
Diabetes mellitus is an independent predictor of increased 30-day bleeding risk and is correlated with higher short- and long-term mortality in STEMI patients undergoing urgent PCI.
May support closer bleeding surveillance in diabetic STEMI patients after urgent PCI; leaves open whether this alters antithrombotic strategies.
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have more ischemic events and a decreased survival rate after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than non-DM patients. However, it is unknown whether short-term or long-term bleeding events are associated with DM. We aimed to determine the impact of DM on mortality and bleeding events in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients after urgent PCI.This retrospective cohort study included 435 STEMI patients who had undergone urgent PCI between 2010 and 2013, comprising 97 DM patients and 338 non-DM patients. The primary outcomes were the 30-day bleeding and 30-day mortality rates. The median follow-up period was 2 years. Data regarding patient demographics, peri-PCI medication, and invasive procedures were compared between DM and non-DM patients. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to estimate the association between DM and bleeding events. Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated to elucidate the survival rate.Compared with non-DM patients, DM patients with STEMI had a higher incidence of left ventricular ejection fraction <40% (17.6% vs 4.2%, P < 0.05), Killip class >II (11.3% vs 3.8%, P < 0.05), and smoking (44.3% vs 63.0%, P < 0.05). Similar peri-PCI medication and invasive procedures were administered in the 2 groups. The incidence of 30-day bleeding events was significantly higher for DM patients than non-DM patients (6.2% vs 0.9%, P < 0.05). A multivariate analysis showed that DM was strongly associated with 30-day bleeding events after adjusting for confounders. DM patients had significant increased mortality rates at both the 30-day and 2-year end points.DM was an independent predictor for an increased risk of 30-day bleeding events and correlated with increased 30-day and 2-year mortality rates in STEMI patients with PCI. Our study has significant clinical implications for risk stratification before the application of urgent PCI.
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Zhang et al. (2016) conducted a cohort in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (n=435). Diabetes mellitus vs. Non-diabetes mellitus was evaluated on 30-day bleeding events (p=<0.05). Diabetes mellitus was associated with a significantly higher incidence of 30-day bleeding events compared to non-diabetic patients (6.2% vs 0.9%, P<0.05) in STEMI patients after urgent PCI.
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