Nursing Role in Secondary Prevention After Acs: A Multidimensional Approach

Introduction secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease is essential to reduce the risk of recurrence and improve patient outcomes. The latest guidelines recommend a multidisciplinary, integrated approach involving multiple healthcare professionals. In this context, the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) nurse plays a key role in patient education, promotion of therapeutic adherence, and support in lifestyle modification, starting from the early stages of hospitalization. Objective to implement a structured, multidisciplinary secondary prevention pathway, initiated upon clinical stabilization of the patient hospitalized in CCU, and continued throughout the first year after discharge. Methods inclusion criteria: patients admitted to CCU for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) presenting at least one modifiable risk factor (smoking, obesity/overweight, poor therapeutic adherence, substance abuse, sedentary lifestyle, or anxiety/stress). The pathway included: – identification of modifiable risk factors and patient consent; – targeted individual nursing counselling; – delivery of educational materials; – planning and implementation of multidisciplinary interventions based on identified risk factors (psychologist, dietitian, sociologist, addiction services); – telephone follow–up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post–discharge. Monitored indicators: therapeutic adherence, smoking cessation, physical activity, dietary habits, substance use, clinical parameters, and blood test values. Results the project showed improved empowerment of both patients and caregivers, with positive effects on risk factor management and effective linkage between hospital and community–based services. Conclusions lifestyle modification is a cornerstone of secondary prevention after ACS. The integration of a personalized, structured nursing pathway started during CCU hospitalization promotes healthy behaviors and improves cardiovascular prevention outcomes, enhancing quality of life after an acute cardiac event. The nurse’s intervention is a key element in ensuring continuity of care post–ACS.