The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of a Natural Triploid Crucian Carp Mutant, Carassius auratus var. suogu, and Its Phylogenetic Analysis

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Carassius auratus var. suogu, an endemic fish in southern China, is a natural triploid crucian carp mutant. In this study, the characteristics of mitochondrial DNA sequences were analyzed to understand their taxonomic status and genetic background at the gene level. The complete mitochondrial genome of C. auratus var. suogu (length, 16,580 bp) comprises 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNAs) genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNAs) genes) and a non-coding control region. The RSCU of the mtDNA of Carassius was similar. Ka/Ks analyses showed the ND4 gene had the highest evolutionary rate. Moreover, the whole mitogenome sequences and D-loop region were employed to examine phylogenetic relationships among C. auratus var. suogu and other closely related species. The result indicated that Carassius auratus suogu var clustered with Carassius auratus auratus and divided Carassius into four clades, providing new insights and data support for the taxonomic status of Carassius.