Antithrombin III Protects Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Antithrombin III attenuated renal injury in contrast induced nephropathy (CIN). Contrast induced nephropathy model was induced by intravenous injection of Ioversol and L-NAME in Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood and kidney tissues were collected 24 h or 36 h after CIN, respectively. (a) Plasma AT III activity at 24 h after CIN. (b) Blood urea nitrogen. (c) Serum creatinine. (d) Renal histological alterations by Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining (representative pictures, 400 ×, PAS) at 24 h. (e) Quantitative analysis of tubular injury scoring at 24 h. Sham + vehicle, sham-operated group with normal saline injection; CIN + vehicle, contrast induced nephropathy group with normal saline injection; CIN + pre-ATIII, contrast induced nephropathy group following ATIII injection; CIN + post-ATIII, contrast induced nephropathy group with ATIII post-injection. N = 6, ⁎P < 0.05, ⁎⁎⁎P < 0.001 versus Sham + vehicle at 24 h; #P < 0.05, ###P < 0.001 versus CIN + vehicle at 24 h. ^^^P < 0.001 versus Sham + vehicle at 36 h; △P < 0.05 versus CIN + vehicle at 36 h.

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  Fig. 2. Antithrombin III treatment mitigated renal inflammation in CIN rats. Kidney tissues were collected at 24 h after CIN. (a) Renal TNFα mRNA expression. (b) Renal MCP-1 mRNA expression. (c) Renal ICAM-1 mRNA expression. (d) Representative images of immunostaining of F4/80 (400 ×). (e) Quantitative analysis of F4/80 positive cells. N = 6, ⁎P < 0.05, ⁎⁎P < 0.01, ⁎⁎⁎P < 0.001 versus Sham + vehicle; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 versus CIN + vehicle.

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  Fig. 3. Antithrombin III treatment decreased renal oxidative stress in CIN rats. Kidney tissues were collected 24 h after CIN. (a) Renal MDA. (b) Renal SOD. N = 6, ⁎P < 0.05, ⁎⁎⁎P < 0.001 versus Sham + vehicle; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 versus CIN + vehicle.

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  Fig. 4. Antithrombin III administration improved renal blood flow in CIN rats. Ultrasonography was performed at 24 h after contrast infusion. (a) Representative pictures of distribution of renal blood flow. (b) Quantitative analysis of intrarenal resistance index (RI). N = 6, ⁎⁎P < 0.01 versus Sham + vehicle; #P < 0.05 versus CIN + vehicle.

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  Fig. 5. Renal cells apoptosis was diminished after antithrombin III administration in CIN rats. Tissues were collected 24 h after CIN. (a) Caspase-3 protein abundance in renal cortex. (b) Bcl-2 protein abundance in renal cortex. N = 6, ⁎⁎P < 0.01 versus Sham + vehicle; #P < 0.05 versus CIN + vehicle.