Key result
Automated method reconstructs 3D LV endocardial surfaces from standard 2D echo cross sections.
Why the study?
Two-dimensional echocardiography provides LV boundaries in discrete planes but requires 3D reconstruction to quantify LV function and flow, and previous methods used multiple 2D scans in linear or rotational manners.
A novel automated method allows for 3D reconstruction of the left ventricle from standard 2D echocardiographic views, potentially improving the quantification of LV mechanics and flow.
May enable flexible 3D LV reconstruction from routine 2D echocardiography; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
Two-dimensional echocardiography (echo) is the method of choice for noninvasive evaluation of the left ventricle (LV) function owing to its low cost, fast acquisition time, and high temporal resolution. However, it only provides the LV boundaries in discrete 2D planes, and the 3D LV geometry needs to be reconstructed from those planes to quantify LV wall motion, acceleration, and strain, or to carry out flow simulations. An automated method is developed for the reconstruction of the 3D LV endocardial surface using echo from a few standard cross sections, in contrast with the previous work that has used a series of 2D scans in a linear or rotational manner for 3D reconstruction. The concept is based on a generalized approach so that the number or type (long-axis (LA) or short-axis (SA)) of sectional data is not constrained. The location of the cross sections is optimized to minimize the difference between the reconstructed and measured cross sections, and the reconstructed LV surface is meshed in a standard format. Temporal smoothing is implemented to smooth the motion of the LV and the flow rate. This software tool can be used with existing clinical 2D echo systems to reconstruct the 3D LV geometry and motion to quantify the regional akinesis/dyskinesis, 3D strain, acceleration, and velocities, or to be used in ventricular flow simulations.
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Krishnan et al. (2015) studied Left ventricle evaluation. Automated 3D reconstruction method from multiple-axis 2D echocardiography vs. Previous methods using series of 2D scans was evaluated on Reconstruction of 3D LV endocardial surface. An automated method was developed to reconstruct the 3D left ventricular endocardial surface using standard 2D echocardiography cross sections without constraining the number or type of sections.