Palladium-Based Complexes Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbene (Nhc) and Triphenylphosphine (Pph3) Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Application on Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reactions in Aqueous Media

Herein, we reported the synthesis of a new series of Pd-based complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) ligands.These complexes have been prepared from the (NHC)Pd(II)(pyridine) complexes and PPh3.All (NHC)Pd(II)PPh3 complexes have been characterized by using 1 H NMR, 13 C { 1 H}NMR, 31 P { 1 H}NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis technique.Here, as a result of low catalyst [(NHC)Pd(II)PPh3] loading (0.01 mmol), acetylene derivatives with various functional groups were synthesized from the coupling of phenylacetylene with various aryl bromides in the aqueous medium.