What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Observational. Population: Influenza-like illness (n=502). Intervention: Viral co-infections vs. Single viral infections. Primary outcome: Prevalence of viral co-infections in H1N1-positive children.

What does this research mean for the field?

Viral co-infections occur in approximately 14.5% of children hospitalized with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and are not associated with increased disease severity. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

December 14, 2012PLoS ONEOpen Access

Respiratory Viruses in Hospitalized Children with Influenza-Like Illness during the H1n1 2009 Pandemic in Sweden

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Key result

Viral co-infections in hospitalized children with H1N1 show no link to increased disease severity.

n=502

Why the study?

The importance of co-infections over time during the H1N1 pandemic and their association with disease severity in hospitalized children needed to be assessed.

Population

502 children with influenza-like illness admitted to inpatient care in Stockholm, Sweden during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic

Comparison

Children with H1N1 single infection vs children with H1N1 co-infections

Design

Retrospective observational study with real-time PCR viral analysis

Follow-up

6 months

Authors

SRSamuel RhedinKarolinska Institutet JHJohan HamrinKarolinska University Hospital PNPontus NauclérKarolinska University Hospital

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Co-infections not tied to worse outcomes in this pediatric cohort; leaves open whether multiplex testing alters ILI management or prognosis.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=502)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Population

502 children aged 0-17 years hospitalized with influenza-like illness during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in Sweden, evaluated for respiratory viral co-infections.

Outcome

Presence of respiratory viruses and specifically co-infections with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09

Viral co-infections were relatively common in H1N1-infected hospitalized children but did not correlate with increased disease severity.

Limitations

Retrospective study design with clinical data not being systematically collected.
Bacterial cultures were not systematically performed, which might bias results regarding bacterial co-infections.
Single time point PCR measurements cannot distinguish which virus caused the disease.
Hospital data may not fully reflect the spread of viruses in the general catchment area.
Retrospective design
Lack of population-based longitudinal data with repeated sampling

Cite This Study

Rhedin et al. (2012) conducted an observational in Influenza-like illness (n=502). Viral co-infections vs. Single viral infections was evaluated on Prevalence of viral co-infections in H1N1-positive children. Among hospitalized children with influenza-like illness, H1N1 was detected in 16.5%, of which 14.5% had viral co-infections that were not correlated with increased disease severity.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aa959100d83f90a938fcff6 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051491

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Implication

Co-infections not tied to worse outcomes in this pediatric cohort; leaves open whether multiplex testing alters ILI management or prognosis.

Respiratory Viruses in Hospitalized Children with Influenza-Like Illness during the H1n1 2009 Pandemic in Sweden

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Study Design

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Respiratory Viruses in Hospitalized Children with Influenza-Like Illness during the H1n1 2009 Pandemic in Sweden

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Study Design

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Also Consider