Key result
Resection of giant mediastinal dedifferentiated liposarcoma yields no complications or recurrence over 19 months.
Why the study?
Liposarcoma rarely occurs in the mediastinum extending into the thoracic cavity, prompting a case review to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Case Report (n=1)
Surgical resection of a giant primary mediastinal dedifferentiated liposarcoma was successful with no recurrence or metastasis at 19 months follow-up.
Rare mediastinal liposarcoma case expands differential for thoracic masses; leaves open optimal management strategies pending larger series.
Liposarcoma is a carcinomatous mesenchymal tumor with various histologic features and is the most common soft tissue sarcoma originating in adipose tissue. Liposarcoma commonly occurs in the lower extremities and retroperitoneum but rarely in the mediastinum, specially extending into the thoracic cavity. We report a giant primary liposarcoma of the posterior mediastinum in a 63-year-old female who complained of cough, sputum, and pain in the right chest wall. A computed tomography scan of the chest showed a giant mass of 24 × 15 × 24 cm in the posterior mediastinum of the right thoracic cavity. After a thorough examination, no suspected lipomatous lesions were found elsewhere in the patient’s body. The patient underwent a thoracotomy to remove the mediastinal mass through a right thoracic approach. Subsequently, hematoxylin–eosin staining revealed dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL), immunohistochemistry showed positive expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4, and murine double minute 2 (MDM2), in addition, fluorescence in situ hybridization for the MDM2 gene was also positive, which suggested DDL. The patient was discharged without any complications, and no metastasis or recurrence was observed after 19 months of follow-up. To provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment, we reviewed and discussed the literature on primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum.
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Rao et al. (2023) conducted a case report in Giant primary liposarcoma of the mediastinum (n=1). Thoracotomy and surgical resection was evaluated on Complications, metastasis, or recurrence. Thoracotomy and surgical resection of a giant primary mediastinal dedifferentiated liposarcoma resulted in no complications, metastasis, or recurrence over 19 months of follow-up.