Joule heat zone melting has been used to produce texture in YBa2Cu3O7−x polycrystalline bars. X-ray diffraction analysis shows the zone melted bars consist of tetragonal YBa2Cu3O7−x, BaCuO2, and CuO. A 900°C homogenization and 600°C anneal in oxygen are found to produce a nominally single phase structure of orthorhombic YBa2Cu3O7−x. SEM examination shows a platelet morphology is produced.
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McGinn et al. (1988) studied this question.