Key result
Phylogenetic and nucleotide analyses suggest the 'Giraffe' pestivirus strain belongs to a new taxon.
Why the study?
The taxonomic status of the 'Giraffe' strain of pestivirus was unclear and required clarification through genetic comparison with other pestiviruses.
The 'Giraffe' strain of pestivirus represents a new taxon, while deer isolates belong to BVDV-1, suggesting wild deer may serve as a reservoir.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May prompt taxonomic updates in veterinary virology; leaves open reservoir implications for ruminant pestiviruses pending validation.
The 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the 'Giraffe' strain of pestivirus was sequenced for comparison with those of other pestiviruses from cattle, sheep, goats, and swine. A phylogenetic tree constructed with these strains suggested that the 'Giraffe' strain was allocated to a new taxon. This observation was also confirmed by a newly proposed method based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions (PNS) at the three variable regions in the 5'-UTR. Other reported pestivirus strains isolated from deer were assigned as bovine viral disease virus (BVDV)-1 according to the PNS as well as phylogenetic analysis, suggesting that BVDV-1 strains can cross-infect deer as well as cattle, sheep, goats, and swine, and that wild deer may serve as a reservoir of BVDV-1. We also identified the genovar of a deer isolate, SH9/11, as BVDV-1c by the PNS method.
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Harasawa et al. (2000) studied Pestivirus. 5'-UTR sequencing and phylogenetic analysis vs. Other pestiviruses from cattle, sheep, goats, and swine was evaluated on Taxonomic classification. Phylogenetic and palindromic nucleotide substitution analyses of the 5'-untranslated region suggest the 'Giraffe' strain of pestivirus belongs to a new taxon.
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