Key result
Western diet-induced obesity increases omental adipose tissue transcripts ~37% in juvenile swine versus lean pigs.
Why the study?
The impact of childhood obesity on intra-abdominal adipose tissue phenotype and transcriptomic alterations was not well understood.
Does Western diet-induced obesity alter the transcriptomic signature of omental adipose tissue in juvenile Ossabaw swine?
Does Western diet-induced obesity alter the transcriptomic signature of omental adipose tissue in juvenile Ossabaw swine?
Obesity in juvenile Ossabaw swine increases overall OMAT transcript number and alters early transcriptomic pathways without affecting classical adult obesity dysfunction pathways.
Suggests early adipose remodeling in juvenile obesity models; leaves open human translation and clinical relevance.
To better understand the impact of childhood obesity on intra-abdominal adipose tissue phenotype, a complete transcriptomic analysis using deep RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on omental adipose tissue (OMAT) obtained from lean and Western diet-induced obese juvenile Ossabaw swine. Obese animals had 88% greater body mass, 49% greater body fat content, and a 60% increase in OMAT adipocyte area (all P < 0.05) compared with lean pigs. RNA-seq revealed a 37% increase in the total transcript number in the OMAT of obese pigs. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed transcripts in obese OMAT were primarily enriched in the following categories: 1) development, 2) cellular function and maintenance, and 3) connective tissue development and function, while transcripts associated with RNA posttranslational modification, lipid metabolism, and small molecule biochemistry were reduced. DAVID and Gene Ontology analyses showed that many of the classically recognized gene pathways associated with adipose tissue dysfunction in obese adults including hypoxia, inflammation, angiogenesis were not altered in OMAT in our model. The current study indicates that obesity in juvenile Ossabaw swine is characterized by increases in overall OMAT transcript number and provides novel data describing early transcriptomic alterations that occur in response to excess caloric intake in visceral adipose tissue in a pig model of childhood obesity.
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Toedebusch et al. (2014) studied Childhood obesity. Western diet-induced obesity vs. Lean pigs was evaluated on Total transcript number in omental adipose tissue. Western diet-induced obesity in juvenile Ossabaw swine increased total omental adipose tissue transcript number by 37% compared with lean pigs.
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