Novel Folded Antenna Design and SAR Analysis for WCE and Biomedical Applications

This study presents a pioneering curved antenna design that is seamlessly integrated into Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) devices.The proposed antenna features a miniature height of 25 mm, a radius of curvature of only 5.5 mm, and a conductive line width of up to 2 mm, making it an ideal fit for the use in compact WCE applications.The antenna is specifically designed to operate in the ISM5800 band and achieves outstanding performance metrics, such as an S 11 of -10 dB and a gain of 5.8 dBi.To evaluate the safety of our design for human usage, we conducted an investigation of the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the Hugo Model antenna in various positions for ISM5800 and compared our findings to the safety limits specified by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) standards.Our results confirm that the proposed antenna design meets the safety requirements for wireless communication systems in biomedical applications, thereby demonstrating its potential for clinical use.