:This study investigates gender imbalances in India’s youth labor market, revealing a higher NEET (Not in Employment Education or Training) rate among young females. It examines the primary causes of unemployment and non-participation in the labor force, utilizing multilevel regression analysis to assess gender disparities in casual labor wages, incorporating various micro and macro determinants. Notably, despite a positive or progressive trend in female representation in skilled occupations, childcare responsibilities remain a significant barrier for women. Additionally, higher education enrollment and female parliamentarians positively influence casual labor wages. The study underscores the persistence of the gender wage gap in both rural and urban areas.
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Ralph et al. (2026) studied this question.
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