Key result
TAVR linked to ~51% fewer postoperative cardiac complications than SAVR in highly distressed communities.
Why the study?
Patients of low socioeconomic status have an increased risk of complications following cardiac surgery, but disparities in outcomes after aortic valve replacement based on community socioeconomic distress are not well characterized.
Does transcatheter aortic valve replacement reduce postoperative complications compared to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients from socioeconomically distressed communities?
Observational (n=27,591)
Yes
Does transcatheter aortic valve replacement reduce postoperative complications compared to surgical aortic valve replacement in patients from socioeconomically distressed communities?
Absolute Event Rate: 7.5% vs 15.4%
p-value: p=<0.001
TAVR is associated with a lower incidence of major postoperative complications compared to SAVR among patients residing in socioeconomically distressed communities.
TAVR may reduce complications versus SAVR in distressed communities; extends comparisons to vulnerable populations but remains hypothesis-generating.
Objective Patients of low socioeconomic status have an increased risk of complications following cardiac surgery. We aimed to identify disparities in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement using the Distressed Communities Index (DCI), a comparative measure of community well-being. The DCI incorporates seven distinct socioeconomic indicators into a single composite score to depict the economic well-being of a community. Methods The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Database (HCUP-SID) for Florida and Washington was queried to identify patients undergoing surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (surgical aortic valve replacement [SAVR], transcatheter aortic valve replacement [TAVR]) between 2012-2015. Patients undergoing TAVR and SAVR were propensity-matched and stratified based on the quintile of DCI score. A distressed community was defined as those in quintiles 4 and 5 (at-risk and distressed, respectively); a non-distressed community was defined as those in quintiles 1 and 2 (prosperous and comfortable, respectively). Outcomes following aortic valve replacement were compared across groups in distressed communities. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline covariates between groups. Results A total of 27,591 patients underwent aortic valve replacement. After propensity matching, 5,331 patients were identified in each TAVR and SAVR group. Distressed TAVR patients had lower rates of postoperative pneumonia (7.6% vs. 3.8%, p<0.001), sepsis (3.6% vs. 1.9%, p<0.05), and cardiac complications (15.4% vs. 7.5%, p<0.001) when compared to highly distressed SAVR patients. When comparing distressed SAVR and TAVR and low distressed SAVR and TAVR groups, no significant difference was found in postoperative outcomes, except distressed TAVR experienced more cases of UTI. Conclusions Highly distressed TAVR patients had lower incidences of postoperative sepsis, pneumonia, and cardiac complications when compared to the highly distressed SAVR cohort. Patients undergoing TAVR in highly distressed communities had an increased incidence of postoperative urinary tract infection. DCI may be a useful adjunct to current risk scoring systems.
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Rogers et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Aortic valve replacement (n=27,591). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) vs. Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) was evaluated on Postoperative cardiac complications in highly distressed communities (p=<0.001). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in highly distressed socioeconomic communities was associated with significantly lower rates of postoperative cardiac complications (7.5% vs. 15.4%) compared to surgical aortic valve replacement.
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