What question did this study set out to answer?

To visualize and characterize in vivo leukocyte crawling dynamics within human retinal microvasculature using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.

September 17, 2026Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual ScienceOpen Access

Characterization of Leukocyte Crawling in the Living Human Retina Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy

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Authors

LGLily Greenberg LDLuis Muncharaz Duran ABAaron Brown

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Overview

Observational imaging study reveals distinct leukocyte crawling dynamics in human retinal microvessels, highlighting a noninvasive method to monitor localized ocular immune responses.

Key Points

To visualize and characterize in vivo leukocyte crawling dynamics within human retinal microvasculature using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.
Imaged 23 healthy volunteers (aged 20–75 years) and three patients with systemic conditions (diabetes, sickle cell disease, and syphilis) using commercial adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO).
Recorded consecutive phase-contrast time-lapse videos over 5 minutes across two to four temporal retinal regions of interest to manually quantify leukocyte speed, vessel diameter, and movement patterns.
Identified 232 intraluminal leukocyte crawling events in healthy subjects, with significantly greater occurrence in venules (89.66%) than arterioles (9.92%) across lumen diameters of 10.2 to 67.8 µm.
Measured a mean ± SD crawling speed of 0.3 ± 0.1 µm/s, which did not differ significantly between venules and arterioles (P = 0.67) or across four directional crawling patterns relative to blood flow (P = 0.197).
Observed complex immune cell behaviors in systemic disease patients, including firm leukocyte adhesions, reverse transmigration, and extravascular motilities.

Cite This Study

Greenberg et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aabb6b55f706d05830e5487 https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.67.11.30

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September 17, 2026Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual ScienceOpen Access

Characterization of Leukocyte Crawling in the Living Human Retina Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

LGLily Greenberg LDLuis Muncharaz Duran ABAaron Brown

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Observational imaging study reveals distinct leukocyte crawling dynamics in human retinal microvessels, highlighting a noninvasive method to monitor localized ocular immune responses.

Key Points

To visualize and characterize in vivo leukocyte crawling dynamics within human retinal microvasculature using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.
Imaged 23 healthy volunteers (aged 20–75 years) and three patients with systemic conditions (diabetes, sickle cell disease, and syphilis) using commercial adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO).
Recorded consecutive phase-contrast time-lapse videos over 5 minutes across two to four temporal retinal regions of interest to manually quantify leukocyte speed, vessel diameter, and movement patterns.
Identified 232 intraluminal leukocyte crawling events in healthy subjects, with significantly greater occurrence in venules (89.66%) than arterioles (9.92%) across lumen diameters of 10.2 to 67.8 µm.
Measured a mean ± SD crawling speed of 0.3 ± 0.1 µm/s, which did not differ significantly between venules and arterioles (P = 0.67) or across four directional crawling patterns relative to blood flow (P = 0.197).
Observed complex immune cell behaviors in systemic disease patients, including firm leukocyte adhesions, reverse transmigration, and extravascular motilities.

Cite This Study

Greenberg et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aabb6b55f706d05830e5487 https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.67.11.30

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