Quasi-experimental study reveals reduced recovery time and pain without increasing opioid use in adults after laparoscopic procedures, highlighting the benefit of nonpharmacological bundles.
BACKGROUND: Postoperative pain following laparoscopic procedures can delay recovery and reduce patient satisfaction. Nonpharmacological methods (NPM) provide a low-risk adjunct to pain management. PURPOSE: This study examined the implementation of a standardized NPM bundle on postoperative pain, opioid utilization, and PACU length of stay among adults undergoing same-day laparoscopic procedures and evaluated bundle adherence. METHODS: A pre-post quasi-experimental evaluation was conducted. The bundle included aromatherapy, music therapy, relaxation, positioning, heat/cold therapy, and early ambulation. Implementation included staff education and workflow integration. RESULTS: Pain outcomes improved with reduced severe pain and increased low pain scores. Implementation fidelity was supported through the education of 25 PACU team members and 95% adherence to intervention implementation. Length of stay decreased from 85 to 68 minutes without increased opioid use. CONCLUSION: A nurse-led NPM bundle was associated with improved postoperative recovery outcomes.
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Nathan A. Lowe (2026) studied this question.
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