A new class of reconfigurable antenna based on monopole structures containing liquid dielectrics is presented. It was determined that the operating principle of this class of antenna is essentially that of a dielectric resonator, where salt (in solution) modifies the dielectric properties. The resonator column height determined the operating frequency, allowing match and frequency of operation to be fully tunable over 1–2.5 GHz while salinity mainly influences the bandwidth.
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Fayad et al. (2006) studied this question.
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