Review uncovers sex-specific risks of steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes, highlighting the need for tailored clinical management.
Key Points
To examine how biological sex influences the relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes pathobiology.
Reviewed clinical, genetic, and epidemiological data addressing sex differences in MASLD susceptibility and progression among individuals with dysglycemia.
Evaluated the sex-specific impact of genetic variants, cardiovascular complications, and therapeutic management strategies in patients with both conditions.
Women with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes show an elevated risk of developing MASLD compared with men, with postmenopausal women exhibiting the highest rates of advanced disease.
Female sex interacts with type 2 diabetes to amplify the adverse liver outcomes associated with the PNPLA3 rs738409 variant, and MASLD exerts a stronger impact on coronary artery disease development in women than in men.