Key result
Mitral annular calcification complicates MVR and requires classification by segmental or circumferential spread.
Why the study?
Mitral annular calcification presents diagnostic and technical challenges with increased morbidity and mortality during mitral valve replacement compared to surgery without MAC.
Provides an overview of current techniques and classification systems for managing severe mitral annular calcification during mitral valve replacement.
Mitral annular calcification (MAC) remains a technically challenging disease process, with increased morbidity and mortality in the setting of mitral valve replacement (MVR) compared with mitral valve surgery without MAC.1,2 MAC can vary significantly in pattern and severity, creating diagnostic and technical challenges. It may be classified based on segment extension, with single-segment extension affecting P2 being the most prevalent.3 Alternatively, it may be classified by circumferential spread, comprising type 1 (partial MAC; <270° annular calcium), type 2A (≥270° annular calcium with absence of predicted left ventricular outflow tract [LVOT]), and type 2B (≥270° annular calcium with presence of predicted LVOT).
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Millar et al. (2023) conducted a review in Mitral annular calcification. Mitral annular calcification presents significant diagnostic and technical challenges during mitral valve replacement and can be classified by segment extension or circumferential spread.
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