The cardiotoxicity of eosinophils
Key result
High blood eosinophils cause endomyocardial damage via toxic protein effects on cardiac membranes and mitochondria.
Why the study?
The mechanisms by which high blood eosinophil counts cause endomyocardial damage were not understood despite known associations.
Population
Patients with high blood eosinophil counts and endomyocardial disease, and isolated heart cells in vitro
Design
Review of clinical, pathological, and in vitro studies
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
Supports eosinophil-targeted strategies in hypereosinophilic cardiomyopathy; leaves open prospective validation in clinical cohorts.
Key Points
- To delineate the clinical, cellular, and enzymatic mechanisms through which elevated eosinophils cause cardiotoxicity and endomyocardial disease.
- Synthesized clinical evidence associating hypereosinophilia and degranulated eosinophils with endomyocardial tissue injury.
- Evaluated in vitro assays measuring the toxic effects of isolated eosinophil secretion products and purified basic proteins on cardiac cells and mitochondrial respiration enzymes.
- Clinical observations show that hypereosinophilia often precedes heart disease and correlates with high serum and tissue concentrations of eosinophil granule basic proteins.
- In vitro analyses reveal that eosinophil cationic protein induces cardiotoxicity by damaging the cardiac plasma membrane and inhibiting two mitochondrial respiratory complexes: pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase.
Structured PICO
P
Population
Patients with high blood eosinophil counts and endomyocardial disease, as well as isolated heart cells in vitro
O
Outcome
Endomyocardial damage and cardiac cell injury
Eosinophil granule basic proteins directly damage cardiac cells by affecting the plasma membrane and mitochondrial respiration, providing a mechanistic explanation for eosinophilia-associated endomyocardial disease.
Cite This Study
Spry et al. (1983) conducted a review in Endomyocardial disease. High blood eosinophil counts was evaluated on Endomyocardial damage. High blood eosinophil counts and their secretion products cause endomyocardial damage via toxic effects of eosinophil cationic protein on cardiac cell membranes and mitochondrial respiration.