Left vs. Normal QRS Axis During Left Bundle Branch Block Induced by Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ― 3-Year Outcomes ―

Figures

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  Central Figure.

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  Figure 1.. (A) Time-to-event curves at 3-year follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause death (a), cardiovascular death (b), rehospitalization for heart failure (c), and permanent pacemaker implantation for atrioventricular conduction disorder (d). (B) Temporal changes in echocardiographic parameters: left ventricular ejection fraction (a), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (b), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (c), and the severity of mitral regurgitation (d). Error bars: standard errors. AVCD, atrioventricular conduction disorder; LBBBLAD, left bundle branch block with left QRS axis deviation; LBBBNA, left bundle branch block with a normal QRS axis; LVDd, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVDs, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; PPI, permanent pacemaker implantation.

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  Figure 2.. Prevalence of left bundle branch block at 1-month follow-up examinations. *Excluded from the analysis due to ventricular pacing in 1-month ECG, loss to follow-up, or incomplete data. LBBB, left bundle branch block; P-LBBBLAD, permanent left bundle branch block with left QRS axis deviation; P-LBBBNA, permanent left bundle branch block with a normal QRS axis; R-LBBBLAD, resolved left bundle branch block with left QRS axis deviation; R-LBBBNA, resolved left bundle branch block with a normal QRS axis.

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  Figure 3.. (A) Time-to-event curves at 3-year follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause death (a), cardiovascular death (b), readmission for heart failure (c), and permanent pacemaker implantation for atrioventricular conduction disorder (d). (B) Changes in echocardiographic parameters. Temporal changes in the left ventricular ejection fraction (a), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (b), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (c), and the severity of mitral regurgitation (d). Error bars: standard errors. Abbreviations as for Figures 1,2.

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  Figure 4.. Association between baseline QRS axis and left QRS axis deviation at 1 month. Changes in the QRS axis (A) and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of preprocedural QRS axis for left QRS axis deviation at 1 month (B). ROC analysis demonstrated an optimal cutoff value of 13° with 69% sensitivity and 73% specificity. AUC, area under curve. Other abbreviations as for Figure 2.