Case Report: Left ventricular assist device implantation combined with cryoballoon ablation for ventricular tachycardia

Figures

• 

  Figure 1. Ventricular tachycardia episode captured on the patient's cardiac monitor.

• 

  Figure 2. (A) 12-lead ECG during ventricular tachycardia (VT) episode.Due to the requirement for an anterior thoracotomy, the precordial leads were placed on the iliac crest. As a result, the precordial lead reference differed from the VT morphology typically observed during the patient's daily episodes, but the limb lead morphology was consistent with the patient's daily VT episodes. (B) Epicardial substrate map during sinus rhythm (posterior-anterior view), with the scar area shown in gray, indicating no electrical activity. (C) Epicardial substrate map during sinus rhythm (left lateral view), with the scar area shown in gray, indicating no electrical activity. (D, E) Mapping during VT, with the earliest activation point indicated by the blue arrow. (F) Mapping target potential, showing fragmented waves in high-density mapping, significantly preceding the QRS complex in the surface ECG.

• 

  Figure 3. (A) Cryoablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia. (B) Alternating ablation of the LVAD device incision site using dual cryoballoons. (C) Suturing after the completion of LVAD implantation and ablation.