Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Correlation between Phenotypes and Metabolic Syndrome

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine metabolic disorder affecting 7% to 10% of women during reproductive age.The metabolic syndrome is understood as a set of clinical factors related to the potential increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes mellitus, and early mortality.The hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance related to PCOS will result in increased cardiovascular risk and extending throughout the patient's lifetime.Objectives: To identify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in each of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes and the factors linked with metabolic risk.Methods: Observational study of 566 women between 14 and 39 years with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria.The metabolic risk was assessed by descriptive analysis with a confidence interval of 95%.Quantitative variables were tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test and nonparametric Mann-Whitney test.For the multivariate analysis was used the prevalence ratio between several independent variables and the outcome metabolic risk.Identify factors associated with metabolic risk using Cox regression with robust variance.Results: The mean age was 26.4 ± 5.9 years.Metabolic risk was found in 21%, with a predominance of phenotypes E (28.4%), which is characterized by hirsutism, oligoanovulation, polycystic ovaries; B (25%), defined as biochemical hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, oligoanovulation; and A (22%) described biochemical hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, oligoanovulation and polycystic ovaries.A one-year increase in age raised the risk by 5%.Every one-unit increase in body mass index (BMI) added 8%.Presence of hirsutism tripled the risk.Patients with at least one child ran twice the risk than the nulliparous.Conclusions: Our data suggested the important factors of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS are age, obesity, hirsutism, and parity.