Polysaccharide-Rich Red Algae (Gelidium amansii) Hot-Water Extracts Alleviate Abnormal Hepatic Lipid Metabolism without Suppression of Glucose Intolerance in a Streptozotocin/Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetic Rat Model

Figures

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  Figure 1. Effects of GHE supplementation on the body weight in rats with diabetes. Rats were fed different experimental diets for 10 weeks. Results are expressed as mean ± S.D. for each group (n = 7). Significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple rand test. Different letters indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05). NC: normal control diet; DM: diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet; DG: diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet + 5% GHE.

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  Figure 2. Effects of GHE supplementation on the blood glucose and insulin levels and glucose tolerance (OGTT) in rats with diabetes. Rats were fed different experimental diets for 10 weeks. The levels of blood glucose (A) and insulin (B) levels are shown. The OGTT (C) and area under the curve (AUC) (D) are shown. Results are expressed as mean ± S.D. for each group (n = 7). Significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple rand test. Different letters indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05). NC: normal control diet; DM: diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet; DG: diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet + 5% GHE.

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  Figure 3. Effects of GHE supplementation on the hepatic glycogen and TBARS and adipose lipolysis rate in rats with diabetes. Rats were fed different experimental diets for 10 weeks. (A) The levels of hepatic glycogen are shown. (B) The hepatic TBARS levels are shown. (C) The lipolysis rate in perirenal adipose tissue is shown. Results are expressed as mean ± S.D. for each group (n = 7). Significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple rand test. Different letters indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05). NC: normal control diet; DM: diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet; DG: diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet + 5% GHE.

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  Figure 4. Scheme representing the effects of polysaccharide-rich red algae (Gelidium amansii) hot-water extracts on lipid and glucose metabolism in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride.