Optimal dietary protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles fed isoenergetic diets in floating net cages

Summary An experiment to determine the optimal protein requirement of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles was conducted in floating net cages (1.5 m × 1 m × 1.5 m). Six isoenergetic fishmeal–casein-based experimental diets containing 350–600 g kg−1 crude protein (CP) were fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (10.7 ± 0.2 g) for 56 days. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) increased with increasing dietary protein level from 350 to 450 g kg−1 and then plateaued above these levels. Feed intake (FI) showed no significant difference among fish fed more than 350 g kg−1 CP. Lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found for fish fed 500 g kg−1 CP but this was not significantly different from that of fish fed the 450 and 600 g kg−1 CP. Lowest protein efficiency ratio (PER) was found for fish fed 550 and 600 g kg−1 CP. Fish fed the 600 g kg−1 CP had the highest body protein and moisture contents but the lowest body lipid content. Body ash content was unaffected by protein level for fish fed >400 g kg−1 CP. Dietary protein level had no significant effect on hepatosomatic index (HSI). Fish fed the 350 g kg−1 CP had significantly lower condition factor (CF) and viscerosomatic index (VSI). Based on broken-line regression analysis of SGR the optimal dietary protein requirement for E. coioides juveniles was determined to be close to 480 g kg−1.