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Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) has been used for the past 30 years, with significant improvements in the implantation technique and technology over the last several years. Canadian centers were involved with this technique from the very beginning by participating in several multicenter clinical trials and engaging in basic and clinical research. Presently, six Canadian centers continue to have SNM implantation programs.
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Gajewski et al. (2020) studied this question.
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