September 19, 2026Circulation
Spectrum of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
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Overview
Review describes the pathological spectrum of calcific aortic valve disease in adults, highlighting progressive remodeling from mild sclerosis to severe calcific stenosis.
Key Points
- Characterize the biological mechanisms, clinical stages, and hemodynamic progression across the spectrum of calcific aortic valve disease.
- Synthesizes clinical, pathological, and translational evidence regarding disease onset and progression from early leaflet thickening to severe calcification.
- Assesses cellular drivers of valve remodeling, including endothelial dysfunction, lipid infiltration, chronic inflammation, and osteogenic differentiation.
- Identifies calcific aortic valve disease as an active, cell-mediated fibrocalcific continuum rather than passive age-related degeneration.
- Demonstrates that early aortic valve sclerosis independently associates with adverse cardiovascular events and frequently advances toward severe, flow-limiting aortic stenosis.
Cite This Study
Freeman et al. (2005) studied this question.