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Retrobulbar hemorrhage is an uncommon, vision-threatening complication of orbit and eyelid surgery. We review the incidence of retrobulbar hemorrhage, risk factors, orbital anatomy, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment options. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative measures to prevent retrobulbar hemorrhage are discussed, and a treatment algorithm is presented.
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Lewis et al. (2007) studied this question.
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