Sub 50-nm-high BaTiO3 epitaxial nanostructures were fabricated into well-ordered arrays on SrTiO3:Nb (001) single-crystal substrates using pulsed laser deposition through monolayer masks of monodisperse latex spheres (1 or 0.5 μm) and postdeposition annealing. Imprint was investigated in nanostructures of various dimensions using piezoresponse force microscopy. Piezoresponse domain imaging revealed a preferential downward prepolarization state for the as-prepared nanostructures, and consistently piezoresponse hysteresis loops exhibited negative polarization offsets. The offsets are suggested to be due to locked nonswitchable domains in an interface near region with a thickness of 7–14 nm.
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Ma et al. (2004) studied this question.
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