Key result
Congenital heart disease represents the leading risk factor in ~75% of pediatric infective endocarditis cases.
Why the study?
No data is available about the epidemiology, presentation, microbiology, and outcomes of infective endocarditis in Egyptian children.
Cross-Sectional (n=100)
No
Congenital heart disease, central venous catheters, and dental problems are the primary risk factors for pediatric infective endocarditis in this Egyptian cohort, highlighting the need for early CHD management.
May guide risk assessment in pediatric IE; leaves open generalizability beyond this single-center cohort.
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare disease yet with numerous health hazards. Currently no data is available about IE in Egyptian children. This work aimed to study the epidemiological pattern, mode of presentation, microbiology, and the outcome of IE at Cairo University Children's Hospitals. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months and included 100 patients diagnosed with IE. All patients were subjected to 1) Full medical history and examination to study their demographic date, detect risk factors, pattern of presentations, and type of treatment. 2) Laboratory investigations including blood cultures. 3) Complete echocardiography, and 4) Close follow up of the patients to determine the outcomes and fate of IE. Results: The age of included patients ranged from 1-168 months, with a mean 59.37 (SD 41.91). They were 63 (63%) males and 37 (37%) females. Most of patients (68%) were from rural areas, and 32% were from urban areas. Most important risk factors are type of congenital heart disease (CHD) (75%), central venous pressure (CVP) insertion (29%), and dental problems (24%). Vegetations were found in 77% of our patients, significantly in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU) (p=0.02). IE was caused mainly by gram positive organisms (85%). Conclusion CHD, CVP, dental problems were the most frequent risk factors of IE in our patients. CHD was associated with significantly prolonged hospital stay and delayed response to treatment. Early and prompt management of CHD is highly recommended to reduce impact of IE in pediatric patients.
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Ibrahim et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Infective endocarditis (n=100). Risk factors (congenital heart disease, central venous pressure insertion, dental problems) was evaluated on Epidemiological pattern, risk factors, and microbiology of infective endocarditis. In 100 pediatric patients with infective endocarditis, the most frequent risk factors were congenital heart disease (75%), central venous pressure insertion (29%), and dental problems (24%).
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