Vulval Fibroid: A Rare Presentation

This case study presents a rare occurrence of vulval leiomyoma in a reproductive-aged female, initially misdiagnosed as Bartholin’s cyst. Vulval leiomyomas, although uncommon, present significant diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific clinical features. Histopathological examination remains crucial for definitive diagnosis, with characteristic microscopic features including whorls of spindled smooth muscle cells. Differential diagnosis from other vulval lesions, particularly Bartholin’s cyst, is essential for appropriate management planning. Imaging modalities such as transperineal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging may aid in preoperative differentiation. Surgical excision with clear margins is the mainstay of treatment, although leiomyosarcomas may require more aggressive interventions. This case underscores the importance of considering vulval leiomyoma in the differential diagnosis of vulval swellings and highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to ensure accurate diagnosis and optimal management.