Key result
High long-term blood pressure variability is linked to ~38% higher renal risk in elderly hypertension.
Why the study?
Long-term blood pressure variability may indicate instability in blood pressure control and its effect on renal prognosis in hypertensive patients was unclear.
Does high long-term blood pressure variability increase the risk of renal outcome events in hypertensive patients without chronic kidney disease?
Cohort (n=5,849)
Yes
Does high long-term blood pressure variability increase the risk of renal outcome events in hypertensive patients without chronic kidney disease?
High long-term blood pressure variability is an independent risk factor for adverse renal outcomes in elderly hypertensive patients without baseline chronic kidney disease.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High BPV was associated with renal events in non-CKD hypertension; leaves open whether variability-targeted strategies alter prognosis.
Background: Long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) reflects fluctuations in BP over time, which may indicate instability in precise blood pressure control.We conducted a post hoc analysis of the data from the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) to assess the effect and associated variables of BPV on the renal prognosis of patients with hypertension.Methods: Excluding patients with CKD, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the 1 st , 6 th , and 12 th follow-up months were employed to calculate the SBP coefficient of variation (CV) which represented BPV.Patients were divided into four groups based on the quartiles of BPV, namely Q1 to Q4. Results: Group Q4 patients had higher baseline SBP.Multiple regression identified age, sex, treatment, current smoker, SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors (RASi), β-receptor antagonists, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and other medications use were factors associated with BPV.The survival analysis showed that group Q4 had significantly more renal outcome events, and BPV was independently associated with the risk of renal outcome events (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23 -1.54, P < 0.001).There was a direct correlation between the BPV and risk of renal outcomes when BPV exceeded 0.037.In addition, the RASi preference group reported a significantly higher incidence of renal outcome events compared to the non-preference group (log-rank test χ² = 6.218,P = 0.013) and exhibited a tendency towards higher BPV.Conclusions: High BPV is an independent risk factor for renal outcome events in hypertensive aging patients.The preference of RASi use can increase renal outcome events, but is not related to the rise in BPV.These findings suggest that in elderly hypertensive patients with elevated BPV, the potential risks of RASi-associated renal outcomes may outweigh its established benefits, necessitating cautious consideration of alternative antihypertensive strategies.
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Ruan et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Hypertension (n=5,849). Long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) vs. Lower blood pressure variability was evaluated on Renal outcome events (eGFR decrease of ≥30% or eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2) (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.23-1.54, p=<0.001). High long-term blood pressure variability was independently associated with an increased risk of renal outcome events in elderly hypertensive patients.
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