Additives for metalworking lubricants ‐ a review

This paper is presented as an introduction to various specific problems associated with metalworking additives, especially that related to their modes of action. It describes various chemicals used as specific additives for metalworking lubricants. The introductory part of the review deals with general lubricant types for both metal‐forming and metal‐cutting processes. The section dealing with types of additives used for metalworking lubricants is followed by a section on the chemistry of these additives. The detailed review is connected with boundary lubrication additives for water‐based liquids and oil‐based lubricants. Corrosion and antimicrobial agents are discussed as well. Other additives are described more generally.