Key result
Transcatheter VSD closure leads to Candida endocarditis requiring surgical device explantation.
Why the study?
The risk of fungal infective endocarditis after trans-catheter device closure of perimembranous VSD, particularly in the early post-deployment period, is not well characterized.
Case Report (n=1)
Highlights the risk of fungal infective endocarditis following trans-catheter device closure of ventricular septal defects in pediatric patients.
Rare fungal endocarditis after infant transcatheter VSD closure warrants vigilance; leaves open optimal prophylaxis strategies.
Recent increase in deployment of trans-catheter devices such as septal or ductal occluding coils and devices has been a possible risk factor for infective endocarditis, predominantly in the initial post deployment period before endothelialization has ensued. Though a long-term study of trans-catheter Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) closure revealed no cases of Infective Endocarditis, some case reports of endocarditis in trans-catheter device closure of ASD, VSD and Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) advocate that residual defect after device occlusion may be a factor in the risk for Infective Endocarditis. We herein describe the case of a 9-month-old female patient who underwent device closure for peri-membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) and developed fungal infective endocarditis in early post occlusion period which was confirmed on blood culture. Despite treatment with appropriate antifungal as per sensitivity, clinical condition of the patient deteriorated and it was decided to manage her with surgical explanation of device and closure of defect.
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Sadiq et al. (2022) conducted a case report in Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect (n=1). Transcatheter device closure was evaluated on Development of fungal infective endocarditis and clinical outcome. A 9-month-old female developed Candida tropicalis infective endocarditis shortly after transcatheter device closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect, requiring surgical explantation of the device.
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