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Novel click chemistry was developed based on the biosynthetic process of firefly luciferin, which includes an ideal coupling of a cyanothiazole residue with cysteine. Among various biomimetic couplings of nitriles with cysteine derivatives, the approach using 4-cyanopyridine and cysteine methyl ester provided a very rapid and quantitative conversion to the corresponding thiazole without any metal catalyst at room temperature.
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Toyama et al. (2017) studied this question.
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