Key result
Sufficient physical activity decreased the risk of death, while current smoking increased the risk of ESRD and death in patients with early-stage CKD.
Why the study?
Do health-related behaviors (physical activity, smoking cessation) reduce the risk of ESRD and mortality in patients with early stage CKD?
Cohort (n=83,470)
Do health-related behaviors (physical activity, smoking cessation) reduce the risk of ESRD and mortality in patients with early stage CKD?
In early-stage CKD, sufficient physical activity is associated with reduced mortality, while smoking is associated with increased risk of ESRD and death.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports activity and cessation counseling in early CKD; leaves open causal effects on ESRD and mortality pending RCTs.
Healthy life style is associated with decreased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mortality in the general population. However, there is no definitive evidence on the benefits of physical activity and other health-related behaviors in the early-stage CKD. This study aimed to explore the association between health-related behaviors and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in the early stages of CKD. The National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database from January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2016 was used to screen 83,470 subjects with early stage CKD. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between health-related behaviors and ESRD and death. Kaplan-Meier curves for mortality and ESRD were plotted according to the physical activity, smoking status and alcohol consumption pattern. Risk of death decreased significantly in subjects who engaged in sufficient physical activity (adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64-0.83; p < 0.001). Risk of ESRD and death increased significantly in the current smoker with adjusted HR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.06-1.95; p < 0.02) and 1.61 (95% CI: 1.44-1.80; p < 0.001) respectively. Therefore, systematic interventions to encourage physical activity and smoking cessation need to be actively considered in the early stages of CKD.
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Lee et al. (2019) conducted a cohort in Early stages of chronic kidney disease (n=83,470). Sufficient physical activity vs. Insufficient physical activity was evaluated on Mortality (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.64-0.83, p=< 0.001). Sufficient physical activity decreased the risk of death, while current smoking increased the risk of ESRD and death in patients with early-stage CKD.
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